Depression - also referred to as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or clinical depression - is a common but serious mood disorder. It causes severe symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle daily activities, such as sleeping, eating, or working. There are two common types of depression - persistent depressive disorder (PDD) and MDD.
Symptoms
If you have been experiencing some or all of the following signs and symptoms listed below most of the day, nearly every day, and for at least two weeks, you may be suffering from depression.
Feelings of hopelessness, or pessimism
Irritability
Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness
Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities
Decreased energy or fatigue
Moving or talking more slowly
Feeling restless or having trouble sitting still
Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
Difficulty sleeping, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping
Appetite and/or weight changes
Thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide attempts
Aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems without a clear physical cause and/or that do not ease even with treatment
General Risk Factors
Hereditary or genetic factors - in some families, major depression seems to occur generation after generation
Biological factors - chronic illnesses, ageing etc.
People who become clinically depressed have generally experienced more severe difficulties in childhood than those who do not become depressed
Gender (women have a relatively higher rate of occurrence of depression than men)
Student Risk Factors
Poor eating habits
Physical inactivity
Lack of sleep
Financial burden/ low family income
Negative feelings about results
Relationship issues
Difficulty coping with study course
Pressure to get a good job after graduation
Bullying
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